← Index
NYTProf Performance Profile   « line view »
For svc/members/upsert
  Run on Tue Jan 13 11:50:22 2015
Reported on Tue Jan 13 12:09:51 2015

Filename/usr/share/perl5/CGI/Cookie.pm
StatementsExecuted 276 statements in 1.82ms
Subroutines
Calls P F Exclusive
Time		 Inclusive
Time		 Subroutine
443125µs226µsCGI::Cookie::::as_stringCGI::Cookie::as_string
22255µs204µsCGI::Cookie::::newCGI::Cookie::new
103134µs34µsCGI::Cookie::::nameCGI::Cookie::name
11126µs118µsCGI::Cookie::::parseCGI::Cookie::parse
73220µs20µsCGI::Cookie::::valueCGI::Cookie::value
11116µs98µsCGI::Cookie::::BEGIN@6CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@6
102114µs14µsCGI::Cookie::::pathCGI::Cookie::path
11112µs29µsCGI::Cookie::::BEGIN@3CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@3
11111µs61µsCGI::Cookie::::BEGIN@11CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@11
11110µs130µsCGI::Cookie::::fetchCGI::Cookie::fetch
11110µs26µsCGI::Cookie::::BEGIN@138CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@138
1119µs18µsCGI::Cookie::::BEGIN@4CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@4
1118µs42µsCGI::Cookie::::BEGIN@10CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@10
5218µs8µsCGI::Cookie::::httponlyCGI::Cookie::httponly
4116µs6µsCGI::Cookie::::domainCGI::Cookie::domain
4115µs5µsCGI::Cookie::::max_ageCGI::Cookie::max_age
4115µs5µsCGI::Cookie::::secureCGI::Cookie::secure
4115µs5µsCGI::Cookie::::expiresCGI::Cookie::expires
1112µs2µsCGI::Cookie::::get_raw_cookieCGI::Cookie::get_raw_cookie
2211µs1µsCGI::Cookie::::CORE:substCGI::Cookie::CORE:subst (opcode)
0000s0sCGI::Cookie::::bakeCGI::Cookie::bake
0000s0sCGI::Cookie::::compareCGI::Cookie::compare
0000s0sCGI::Cookie::::raw_fetchCGI::Cookie::raw_fetch
Call graph for these subroutines as a Graphviz dot language file.
Line State
ments		 Time
on line		 Calls Time
in subs		 Code
1package CGI::Cookie;
2
3229µs246µs
# spent 29µs (12+17) within CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@3 which was called: # once (12µs+17µs) by CGI::cookie at line 3
use strict;
# spent 29µs making 1 call to CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@3 # spent 17µs making 1 call to strict::import
4241µs226µs
# spent 18µs (9+8) within CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@4 which was called: # once (9µs+8µs) by CGI::cookie at line 4
use warnings;
# spent 18µs making 1 call to CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@4 # spent 8µs making 1 call to warnings::import
5
6239µs2101µs
# spent 98µs (16+81) within CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@6 which was called: # once (16µs+81µs) by CGI::cookie at line 6
use if $] >= 5.019, 'deprecate';
# spent 98µs making 1 call to CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@6 # spent 4µs making 1 call to if::import
7
81400nsour $VERSION='4.09';
9
10237µs277µs
# spent 42µs (8+35) within CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@10 which was called: # once (8µs+35µs) by CGI::cookie at line 10
use CGI::Util qw(rearrange unescape escape);
# spent 42µs making 1 call to CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@10 # spent 34µs making 1 call to Exporter::import
112708µs2111µs
# spent 61µs (11+50) within CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@11 which was called: # once (11µs+50µs) by CGI::cookie at line 11
use overload '""' => \&as_string, 'cmp' => \&compare, 'fallback' => 1;
# spent 61µs making 1 call to CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@11 # spent 50µs making 1 call to overload::import
12
131200nsmy $PERLEX = 0;
14# Turn on special checking for ActiveState's PerlEx
151700ns$PERLEX++ if defined($ENV{'GATEWAY_INTERFACE'}) && $ENV{'GATEWAY_INTERFACE'} =~ /^CGI-PerlEx/;
16
17# Turn on special checking for mod_perl
18# PerlEx::DBI tries to fool DBI by setting MOD_PERL
191100nsmy $MOD_PERL = 0;
201300nsif (exists $ENV{MOD_PERL} && ! $PERLEX) {
21 if (exists $ENV{MOD_PERL_API_VERSION} && $ENV{MOD_PERL_API_VERSION} == 2) {
22 $MOD_PERL = 2;
23 require Apache2::RequestUtil;
24 require APR::Table;
25 } else {
26 $MOD_PERL = 1;
27 require Apache;
28 }
29}
30
31# fetch a list of cookies from the environment and
32# return as a hash. the cookies are parsed as normal
33# escaped URL data.
34
# spent 130µs (10+120) within CGI::Cookie::fetch which was called: # once (10µs+120µs) by CGI::cookie at line 12 of (eval 75)[CGI.pm:932]
sub fetch {
351300ns my $class = shift;
3611µs12µs my $raw_cookie = get_raw_cookie(@_) or return;
# spent 2µs making 1 call to CGI::Cookie::get_raw_cookie
3713µs1118µs return $class->parse($raw_cookie);
# spent 118µs making 1 call to CGI::Cookie::parse
38}
39
40# Fetch a list of cookies from the environment or the incoming headers and
41# return as a hash. The cookie values are not unescaped or altered in any way.
42 sub raw_fetch {
43 my $class = shift;
44 my $raw_cookie = get_raw_cookie(@_) or return;
45 my %results;
46 my($key,$value);
47
48 my @pairs = split("[;,] ?",$raw_cookie);
49 for my $pair ( @pairs ) {
50 $pair =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g; # trim leading trailing whitespace
51 my ( $key, $value ) = split "=", $pair;
52
53 $value = defined $value ? $value : '';
54 $results{$key} = $value;
55 }
56 return wantarray ? %results : \%results;
57}
58
59
# spent 2µs within CGI::Cookie::get_raw_cookie which was called: # once (2µs+0s) by CGI::Cookie::fetch at line 36
sub get_raw_cookie {
601100ns my $r = shift;
611200ns $r ||= eval { $MOD_PERL == 2 ?
62 Apache2::RequestUtil->request() :
63 Apache->request } if $MOD_PERL;
64
6510s return $r->headers_in->{'Cookie'} if $r;
66
6710s die "Run $r->subprocess_env; before calling fetch()"
68 if $MOD_PERL and !exists $ENV{REQUEST_METHOD};
69
7015µs return $ENV{HTTP_COOKIE} || $ENV{COOKIE};
71}
72
73
74
# spent 118µs (26+92) within CGI::Cookie::parse which was called: # once (26µs+92µs) by CGI::Cookie::fetch at line 37
sub parse {
751400ns my ($self,$raw_cookie) = @_;
761100ns return wantarray ? () : {} unless $raw_cookie;
77
781100ns my %results;
79
8013µs my @pairs = split("[;,] ?",$raw_cookie);
811700ns for (@pairs) {
8215µs1800ns s/^\s+//;
# spent 800ns making 1 call to CGI::Cookie::CORE:subst
8312µs1600ns s/\s+$//;
# spent 600ns making 1 call to CGI::Cookie::CORE:subst
84
8511µs my($key,$value) = split("=",$_,2);
86
87 # Some foreign cookies are not in name=value format, so ignore
88 # them.
891100ns next if !defined($value);
901300ns my @values = ();
911400ns if ($value ne '') {
9215µs210µs @values = map unescape($_),split(/[&;]/,$value.'&dmy');
# spent 10µs making 2 calls to CGI::Util::unescape, avg 5µs/call
931300ns pop @values;
94 }
951800ns13µs $key = unescape($key);
# spent 3µs making 1 call to CGI::Util::unescape
96 # A bug in Netscape can cause several cookies with same name to
97 # appear. The FIRST one in HTTP_COOKIE is the most recent version.
9813µs177µs $results{$key} ||= $self->new(-name=>$key,-value=>\@values);
# spent 77µs making 1 call to CGI::Cookie::new
99 }
10014µs return wantarray ? %results : \%results;
101}
102
103
# spent 204µs (55+149) within CGI::Cookie::new which was called 2 times, avg 102µs/call: # once (39µs+88µs) by CGI::cookie at line 33 of (eval 75)[CGI.pm:932] # once (16µs+61µs) by CGI::Cookie::parse at line 98
sub new {
10422µs my ( $class, @params ) = @_;
1052700ns $class = ref( $class ) || $class;
106 # Ignore mod_perl request object--compatibility with Apache::Cookie.
107 shift if ref $params[0]
1082500ns && eval { $params[0]->isa('Apache::Request::Req') || $params[0]->isa('Apache') };
109210µs2105µs my ( $name, $value, $path, $domain, $secure, $expires, $max_age, $httponly )
# spent 105µs making 2 calls to CGI::Util::rearrange, avg 52µs/call
110 = rearrange(
111 [
112 'NAME', [ 'VALUE', 'VALUES' ],
113 'PATH', 'DOMAIN',
114 'SECURE', 'EXPIRES',
115 'MAX-AGE','HTTPONLY'
116 ],
117 @params
118 );
11921µs return undef unless defined $name and defined $value;
12021µs my $self = {};
12123µs bless $self, $class;
12225µs224µs $self->name( $name );
# spent 24µs making 2 calls to CGI::Cookie::name, avg 12µs/call
12324µs212µs $self->value( $value );
# spent 12µs making 2 calls to CGI::Cookie::value, avg 6µs/call
1242800ns $path ||= "/";
12524µs26µs $self->path( $path ) if defined $path;
# spent 6µs making 2 calls to CGI::Cookie::path, avg 3µs/call
1262700ns $self->domain( $domain ) if defined $domain;
1272400ns $self->secure( $secure ) if defined $secure;
1282400ns $self->expires( $expires ) if defined $expires;
1292400ns $self->max_age( $max_age ) if defined $max_age;
13022µs13µs $self->httponly( $httponly ) if defined $httponly;
# spent 3µs making 1 call to CGI::Cookie::httponly
13127µs return $self;
132}
133
134
# spent 226µs (125+101) within CGI::Cookie::as_string which was called 4 times, avg 56µs/call: # once (47µs+34µs) by C4::Output::output_with_http_headers at line 305 of C4/Output.pm # once (29µs+25µs) by CGI::cookie at line 17 of (eval 75)[CGI.pm:932] # once (26µs+23µs) by CGI::header at line 17 of (eval 81)[CGI.pm:932] # once (22µs+19µs) by CGI::header at line 75 of (eval 81)[CGI.pm:932]
sub as_string {
1354800ns my $self = shift;
13645µs47µs return "" unless $self->name;
# spent 7µs making 4 calls to CGI::Cookie::name, avg 2µs/call
137
1382645µs242µs
# spent 26µs (10+16) within CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@138 which was called: # once (10µs+16µs) by CGI::cookie at line 138
no warnings; # some things may be undefined, that's OK.
# spent 26µs making 1 call to CGI::Cookie::BEGIN@138 # spent 16µs making 1 call to warnings::unimport
139
14049µs839µs my $name = escape( $self->name );
# spent 36µs making 4 calls to CGI::Util::escape, avg 9µs/call # spent 3µs making 4 calls to CGI::Cookie::name, avg 850ns/call
141827µs822µs my $value = join "&", map { escape($_) } $self->value;
# spent 15µs making 4 calls to CGI::Util::escape, avg 4µs/call # spent 7µs making 4 calls to CGI::Cookie::value, avg 2µs/call
14245µs my @cookie = ( "$name=$value" );
143
14445µs46µs push @cookie,"domain=".$self->domain if $self->domain;
# spent 6µs making 4 calls to CGI::Cookie::domain, avg 1µs/call
14549µs88µs push @cookie,"path=".$self->path if $self->path;
# spent 8µs making 8 calls to CGI::Cookie::path, avg 1µs/call
14644µs45µs push @cookie,"expires=".$self->expires if $self->expires;
# spent 5µs making 4 calls to CGI::Cookie::expires, avg 1µs/call
14744µs45µs push @cookie,"max-age=".$self->max_age if $self->max_age;
# spent 5µs making 4 calls to CGI::Cookie::max_age, avg 1µs/call
14844µs45µs push @cookie,"secure" if $self->secure;
# spent 5µs making 4 calls to CGI::Cookie::secure, avg 1µs/call
14944µs44µs push @cookie,"HttpOnly" if $self->httponly;
# spent 4µs making 4 calls to CGI::Cookie::httponly, avg 1µs/call
150
151413µs return join "; ", @cookie;
152}
153
154sub compare {
155 my ( $self, $value ) = @_;
156 return "$self" cmp $value;
157}
158
159sub bake {
160 my ($self, $r) = @_;
161
162 $r ||= eval {
163 $MOD_PERL == 2
164 ? Apache2::RequestUtil->request()
165 : Apache->request
166 } if $MOD_PERL;
167 if ($r) {
168 $r->headers_out->add('Set-Cookie' => $self->as_string);
169 } else {
170 require CGI;
171 print CGI::header(-cookie => $self);
172 }
173
174}
175
176# accessors
177
# spent 34µs within CGI::Cookie::name which was called 10 times, avg 3µs/call: # 4 times (7µs+0s) by CGI::Cookie::as_string at line 136, avg 2µs/call # 4 times (3µs+0s) by CGI::Cookie::as_string at line 140, avg 850ns/call # 2 times (24µs+0s) by CGI::Cookie::new at line 122, avg 12µs/call
sub name {
178103µs my ( $self, $name ) = @_;
1791020µs $self->{'name'} = $name if defined $name;
1801020µs return $self->{'name'};
181}
182
183
# spent 20µs within CGI::Cookie::value which was called 7 times, avg 3µs/call: # 4 times (7µs+0s) by CGI::Cookie::as_string at line 141, avg 2µs/call # 2 times (12µs+0s) by CGI::Cookie::new at line 123, avg 6µs/call # once (1µs+0s) by CGI::cookie at line 18 of (eval 75)[CGI.pm:932]
sub value {
18472µs my ( $self, $value ) = @_;
18572µs if ( defined $value ) {
186 my @values
18723µs = ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? @$value
188 : ref $value eq 'HASH' ? %$value
189 : ( $value );
19023µs $self->{'value'} = [@values];
191 }
192718µs return wantarray ? @{ $self->{'value'} } : $self->{'value'}->[0];
193}
194
195
# spent 6µs within CGI::Cookie::domain which was called 4 times, avg 1µs/call: # 4 times (6µs+0s) by CGI::Cookie::as_string at line 144, avg 1µs/call
sub domain {
19641µs my ( $self, $domain ) = @_;
1974700ns $self->{'domain'} = lc $domain if defined $domain;
19848µs return $self->{'domain'};
199}
200
201
# spent 5µs within CGI::Cookie::secure which was called 4 times, avg 1µs/call: # 4 times (5µs+0s) by CGI::Cookie::as_string at line 148, avg 1µs/call
sub secure {
2024700ns my ( $self, $secure ) = @_;
2034500ns $self->{'secure'} = $secure if defined $secure;
20447µs return $self->{'secure'};
205}
206
207
# spent 5µs within CGI::Cookie::expires which was called 4 times, avg 1µs/call: # 4 times (5µs+0s) by CGI::Cookie::as_string at line 146, avg 1µs/call
sub expires {
2084800ns my ( $self, $expires ) = @_;
2094700ns $self->{'expires'} = CGI::Util::expires($expires,'cookie') if defined $expires;
21047µs return $self->{'expires'};
211}
212
213
# spent 5µs within CGI::Cookie::max_age which was called 4 times, avg 1µs/call: # 4 times (5µs+0s) by CGI::Cookie::as_string at line 147, avg 1µs/call
sub max_age {
21441µs my ( $self, $max_age ) = @_;
21541µs $self->{'max-age'} = CGI::Util::expire_calc($max_age)-time() if defined $max_age;
21647µs return $self->{'max-age'};
217}
218
219
# spent 14µs within CGI::Cookie::path which was called 10 times, avg 1µs/call: # 8 times (8µs+0s) by CGI::Cookie::as_string at line 145, avg 1µs/call # 2 times (6µs+0s) by CGI::Cookie::new at line 125, avg 3µs/call
sub path {
220102µs my ( $self, $path ) = @_;
221102µs $self->{'path'} = $path if defined $path;
2221018µs return $self->{'path'};
223}
224
225
226
# spent 8µs within CGI::Cookie::httponly which was called 5 times, avg 2µs/call: # 4 times (4µs+0s) by CGI::Cookie::as_string at line 149, avg 1µs/call # once (3µs+0s) by CGI::Cookie::new at line 130
sub httponly { # HttpOnly
22751µs my ( $self, $httponly ) = @_;
22852µs $self->{'httponly'} = $httponly if defined $httponly;
229511µs return $self->{'httponly'};
230}
231
23216µs1;
233
234=head1 NAME
235
236CGI::Cookie - Interface to HTTP Cookies
237
238=head1 SYNOPSIS
239
240 use CGI qw/:standard/;
241 use CGI::Cookie;
242
243 # Create new cookies and send them
244 $cookie1 = CGI::Cookie->new(-name=>'ID',-value=>123456);
245 $cookie2 = CGI::Cookie->new(-name=>'preferences',
246 -value=>{ font => Helvetica,
247 size => 12 }
248 );
249 print header(-cookie=>[$cookie1,$cookie2]);
250
251 # fetch existing cookies
252 %cookies = CGI::Cookie->fetch;
253 $id = $cookies{'ID'}->value;
254
255 # create cookies returned from an external source
256 %cookies = CGI::Cookie->parse($ENV{COOKIE});
257
258=head1 DESCRIPTION
259
260CGI::Cookie is an interface to HTTP/1.1 cookies, a mechanism
261that allows Web servers to store persistent information on
262the browser's side of the connection. Although CGI::Cookie is
263intended to be used in conjunction with CGI.pm (and is in fact used by
264it internally), you can use this module independently.
265
266For full information on cookies see
267
268 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6265
269
270=head1 USING CGI::Cookie
271
272CGI::Cookie is object oriented. Each cookie object has a name and a
273value. The name is any scalar value. The value is any scalar or
274array value (associative arrays are also allowed). Cookies also have
275several optional attributes, including:
276
277=over 4
278
279=item B<1. expiration date>
280
281The expiration date tells the browser how long to hang on to the
282cookie. If the cookie specifies an expiration date in the future, the
283browser will store the cookie information in a disk file and return it
284to the server every time the user reconnects (until the expiration
285date is reached). If the cookie species an expiration date in the
286past, the browser will remove the cookie from the disk file. If the
287expiration date is not specified, the cookie will persist only until
288the user quits the browser.
289
290=item B<2. domain>
291
292This is a partial or complete domain name for which the cookie is
293valid. The browser will return the cookie to any host that matches
294the partial domain name. For example, if you specify a domain name
295of ".capricorn.com", then the browser will return the cookie to
296Web servers running on any of the machines "www.capricorn.com",
297"ftp.capricorn.com", "feckless.capricorn.com", etc. Domain names
298must contain at least two periods to prevent attempts to match
299on top level domains like ".edu". If no domain is specified, then
300the browser will only return the cookie to servers on the host the
301cookie originated from.
302
303=item B<3. path>
304
305If you provide a cookie path attribute, the browser will check it
306against your script's URL before returning the cookie. For example,
307if you specify the path "/cgi-bin", then the cookie will be returned
308to each of the scripts "/cgi-bin/tally.pl", "/cgi-bin/order.pl", and
309"/cgi-bin/customer_service/complain.pl", but not to the script
310"/cgi-private/site_admin.pl". By default, the path is set to "/", so
311that all scripts at your site will receive the cookie.
312
313=item B<4. secure flag>
314
315If the "secure" attribute is set, the cookie will only be sent to your
316script if the CGI request is occurring on a secure channel, such as SSL.
317
318=item B<5. httponly flag>
319
320If the "httponly" attribute is set, the cookie will only be accessible
321through HTTP Requests. This cookie will be inaccessible via JavaScript
322(to prevent XSS attacks).
323
324This feature is supported by nearly all modern browsers.
325
326See these URLs for more information:
327
328 http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms533046.aspx
329 http://www.browserscope.org/?category=security&v=top
330
331=back
332
333=head2 Creating New Cookies
334
335 my $c = CGI::Cookie->new(-name => 'foo',
336 -value => 'bar',
337 -expires => '+3M',
338 '-max-age' => '+3M',
339 -domain => '.capricorn.com',
340 -path => '/cgi-bin/database',
341 -secure => 1
342 );
343
344Create cookies from scratch with the B<new> method. The B<-name> and
345B<-value> parameters are required. The name must be a scalar value.
346The value can be a scalar, an array reference, or a hash reference.
347(At some point in the future cookies will support one of the Perl
348object serialization protocols for full generality).
349
350B<-expires> accepts any of the relative or absolute date formats
351recognized by CGI.pm, for example "+3M" for three months in the
352future. See CGI.pm's documentation for details.
353
354B<-max-age> accepts the same data formats as B<< -expires >>, but sets a
355relative value instead of an absolute like B<< -expires >>. This is intended to be
356more secure since a clock could be changed to fake an absolute time. In
357practice, as of 2011, C<< -max-age >> still does not enjoy the widespread support
358that C<< -expires >> has. You can set both, and browsers that support
359C<< -max-age >> should ignore the C<< Expires >> header. The drawback
360to this approach is the bit of bandwidth for sending an extra header on each cookie.
361
362B<-domain> points to a domain name or to a fully qualified host name.
363If not specified, the cookie will be returned only to the Web server
364that created it.
365
366B<-path> points to a partial URL on the current server. The cookie
367will be returned to all URLs beginning with the specified path. If
368not specified, it defaults to '/', which returns the cookie to all
369pages at your site.
370
371B<-secure> if set to a true value instructs the browser to return the
372cookie only when a cryptographic protocol is in use.
373
374B<-httponly> if set to a true value, the cookie will not be accessible
375via JavaScript.
376
377For compatibility with Apache::Cookie, you may optionally pass in
378a mod_perl request object as the first argument to C<new()>. It will
379simply be ignored:
380
381 my $c = CGI::Cookie->new($r,
382 -name => 'foo',
383 -value => ['bar','baz']);
384
385=head2 Sending the Cookie to the Browser
386
387The simplest way to send a cookie to the browser is by calling the bake()
388method:
389
390 $c->bake;
391
392This will print the Set-Cookie HTTP header to STDOUT using CGI.pm. CGI.pm
393will be loaded for this purpose if it is not already. Otherwise CGI.pm is not
394required or used by this module.
395
396Under mod_perl, pass in an Apache request object:
397
398 $c->bake($r);
399
400If you want to set the cookie yourself, Within a CGI script you can send
401a cookie to the browser by creating one or more Set-Cookie: fields in the
402HTTP header. Here is a typical sequence:
403
404 my $c = CGI::Cookie->new(-name => 'foo',
405 -value => ['bar','baz'],
406 -expires => '+3M');
407
408 print "Set-Cookie: $c\n";
409 print "Content-Type: text/html\n\n";
410
411To send more than one cookie, create several Set-Cookie: fields.
412
413If you are using CGI.pm, you send cookies by providing a -cookie
414argument to the header() method:
415
416 print header(-cookie=>$c);
417
418Mod_perl users can set cookies using the request object's header_out()
419method:
420
421 $r->headers_out->set('Set-Cookie' => $c);
422
423Internally, Cookie overloads the "" operator to call its as_string()
424method when incorporated into the HTTP header. as_string() turns the
425Cookie's internal representation into an RFC-compliant text
426representation. You may call as_string() yourself if you prefer:
427
428 print "Set-Cookie: ",$c->as_string,"\n";
429
430=head2 Recovering Previous Cookies
431
432 %cookies = CGI::Cookie->fetch;
433
434B<fetch> returns an associative array consisting of all cookies
435returned by the browser. The keys of the array are the cookie names. You
436can iterate through the cookies this way:
437
438 %cookies = CGI::Cookie->fetch;
439 for (keys %cookies) {
440 do_something($cookies{$_});
441 }
442
443In a scalar context, fetch() returns a hash reference, which may be more
444efficient if you are manipulating multiple cookies.
445
446CGI.pm uses the URL escaping methods to save and restore reserved characters
447in its cookies. If you are trying to retrieve a cookie set by a foreign server,
448this escaping method may trip you up. Use raw_fetch() instead, which has the
449same semantics as fetch(), but performs no unescaping.
450
451You may also retrieve cookies that were stored in some external
452form using the parse() class method:
453
454 $COOKIES = `cat /usr/tmp/Cookie_stash`;
455 %cookies = CGI::Cookie->parse($COOKIES);
456
457If you are in a mod_perl environment, you can save some overhead by
458passing the request object to fetch() like this:
459
460 CGI::Cookie->fetch($r);
461
462If the value passed to parse() is undefined, an empty array will returned in list
463context, and an empty hashref will be returned in scalar context.
464
465=head2 Manipulating Cookies
466
467Cookie objects have a series of accessor methods to get and set cookie
468attributes. Each accessor has a similar syntax. Called without
469arguments, the accessor returns the current value of the attribute.
470Called with an argument, the accessor changes the attribute and
471returns its new value.
472
473=over 4
474
475=item B<name()>
476
477Get or set the cookie's name. Example:
478
479 $name = $c->name;
480 $new_name = $c->name('fred');
481
482=item B<value()>
483
484Get or set the cookie's value. Example:
485
486 $value = $c->value;
487 @new_value = $c->value(['a','b','c','d']);
488
489B<value()> is context sensitive. In a list context it will return
490the current value of the cookie as an array. In a scalar context it
491will return the B<first> value of a multivalued cookie.
492
493=item B<domain()>
494
495Get or set the cookie's domain.
496
497=item B<path()>
498
499Get or set the cookie's path.
500
501=item B<expires()>
502
503Get or set the cookie's expiration time.
504
505=item B<max_age()>
506
507Get or set the cookie's max_age value.
508
509=back
510
511
512=head1 AUTHOR INFORMATION
513
514The CGI.pm distribution is copyright 1995-2007, Lincoln D. Stein. It is
515distributed under GPL and the Artistic License 2.0. It is currently
516maintained by Lee Johnson with help from many contributors.
517
518Address bug reports and comments to: https://github.com/leejo/CGI.pm/issues
519
520The original bug tracker can be found at: https://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Queue=CGI.pm
521
522When sending bug reports, please provide the version of CGI.pm, the version of
523Perl, the name and version of your Web server, and the name and version of the
524operating system you are using. If the problem is even remotely browser
525dependent, please provide information about the affected browsers as well.
526
527=head1 BUGS
528
529This section intentionally left blank.
530
531=head1 SEE ALSO
532
533L<CGI::Carp>, L<CGI>
534
535L<RFC 2109|http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2109.txt>, L<RFC 2695|http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2965.txt>
536
537=cut
 
# spent 1µs within CGI::Cookie::CORE:subst which was called 2 times, avg 700ns/call: # once (800ns+0s) by CGI::Cookie::parse at line 82 # once (600ns+0s) by CGI::Cookie::parse at line 83
sub CGI::Cookie::CORE:subst; # opcode
Report produced by the NYTProf 5.06 Perl profiler, developed by Tim Bunce and Adam Kaplan.